دليل النمو التعويضي في سمكالآو ا رتا gilthead seabream, Sparusaurata (Linnaeus, 1758)
الكلمات المفتاحية:
النمو التعويضي، سمك الآوراتا، معامل التحويل الغذائي، كفاءة التغذيةالملخص
أجريت تجارب التغذية لاختبار استخدام ظاهرة النمو التعويضي لتحسين فاعلية النمو وكفاءة استخدام الغداء لسمك الآوراتا (S. aurata). طبقت خمسة دورات للتغذية في التجربة (تغذية يومية)؛ أسبوع تجويع واسبوع تغذية (1:1)؛ أسبوعين تجويع وأسبوعين تغذية (2:2)؛ ثلاثة أسابيع بثلاثة (3:3) وستة أسابيع بستة (6:6).عند نهاية التجربة أتضح بأن الأسماك التي عولجت بنضام تغذية ثلاثة أسابيع (3:3) أعطت نتائج متقاربة من حيث فاعلية النمو مع الأسماك التي عولجت بنضام تغذية يومية، كما اضهرت النتائج كفاءة في استخدام الغداء من حيث معامل التحويل الغذائي (FCR)، وكفاءة التغذية (FE%) مقارنة بدورات التغذية الأخري. أما نتائج دورات التغذية في الأسابيع (6,2,1) ليست جيدة كما في دورة التغذية (3:3) ونضام التغذية اليومي. الدراسة أعطت دليل علي حدوث ظاهرة النمو التعويضي للأسماك عند تطبيق دورة التغذية ثلاثة أسابيع تجويع بثلاثة أسابيع تغذية.
التنزيلات
المراجع
[1.] Anon, M. (1993). Market trends. Infofish International. No.1/93. Jan/Feb.37pp.
[2.] Autin, M. (1997). Commercial aquafeedmanfacture and production. A review. Cahiers Options Mediterranean, 22, Feeding Tomorrow's Fish, CIHEAM, PP79-105.
[3.] Bilton, H.T. and Robins, G.I. (1973). The effects of starvation and subsequent feeding on survival and growth of channel sockeye salmon fry (Onchorhynhusnerka). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 30, pp1-5.
[4.] Chervinski, J.(1994).Salinity tolerance of young gilthead seabream (SparusaurataL.). Bamidgeh. Vol.36, No.4, pp120-125.
[5.] Cho, C. Y. (1992). Feeding systems for rainbow trout and other salmonds with reference to current estimation of energy and protein requirements. Aquaculture. 100, pp 107-123.
[6.] Coll, M.I.(1983).Fabricacion de Pienson. In: Aquaculture Marine Animal. Madrid. Ediciones Mundi Prensa, pp430-446.
[7.] Dobson, S.H.. and Holmes, R.M.(1988). Compensatory growth in rainbow trout, (Salmogairdneri.R.). J.Fish. Biol. 25, pp 649-656.
[8.] FAO, (1979).Development of coastal aquaculture in the Mediterranean region ADCP/MR/79/5.FAO, 1979. 69pp.
[9.] Houlihan, D.F. and Laurent, P. (1987). Effects of exercise training on the performance, growth, and protein turnover of rainbow trout (SalmogairdneriR.).Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44, pp 1614-1621.
[10.] Jobling, M; Knudsen, R; Pedersen, P. S. and dos Santos, J. (1991). Effects of dietary composition and energy contents on the nutritional energetics of cod, Gadusmorhua. Aquaculture. 92, pp243-257.
[11.] Jobling, M; Meloy, O.H; Dos Santos, J. and Christiansen, B. (1994). The compensatory growth response of the Atlantic cod effects of nutritional history. Aquaculture International. 2, pp 75-90.
[12.] Kim, M.K. and Lovell, R.T. (1995).Effect of restricted feeding regimes on compensatory weight gain and body tissue changes in channel catfish (Ictaluruspunctatus ), in ponds. Aquaculture. 135, pp 285-293.
[13.] Kissil, G.H.(1981). Known nutritional requirements of the gilthead sea bream (SparusaurataL.) in culture. European Maricult. Soc. Spec. Publ. 6, pp 49-55.
[14.] Kissil, G. H; Meyers, S.P; Stickney, R. R. and Gropp, J. (1982). Protein ratio in the feed of the (Sparusaurata ). Proc. Warm water fish culture workshop. Baton Rouge, L.A. World Mariculture Soc. Spec. Publ; No 3, pp 145-152.
[15.] Kyriazakis I. and Emmans, G. C. (1991). Diet selection in pigs dietary choices made by pigs following a period of underfeeding with protein. Animal Production 38, pp 337-346.
[16.] Lawrence, T. L, and Pearce, J. (1964). Someeffects of wintering yearling beef cattle on different plants of nutrition. I. Live-weight gain, food consumption and body measurement changes during the winter period and the subsequent grazing period. J. Agri. Sci. 63, pp 5-20.
[17.] Mersmann, H. J; Macneli, M. D; Seideman, S.C. and Pond, W.G. (1987). Compensatory growth in finishing pigs after feed restriction. J. Anim. Sci. 64, pp 725-764.
[18.] Miglavs, I. and Jobling, M. (1989). Effects of feeding regimes on food consumption, growth rates and tissue nucleic acids in juvenile Arctic chart, Salvelinusalpinus, with particular respect to compensatory growth. J. Fish. Biol. 34, pp 947-957.
[19.] O'Donova, P. R. (1984). Compensatory gain in cattle and sheep. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 54B, pp389-410.
[20.] Plavnik, I.; Mcmurtry, L. P. and Rosebrough, R. W. (1986). Effect of early feed restriction in broilers. I. Growth performance and carcass composition. Growth, 50, pp68-76.
[21.] Quinton, J.C. and Blake, R.W. (1990). The effect of feed cycling and level on the compensatory growth response in rainbow trout, Onchorhynchusmykiss. J. Fish . Biol. 37, pp33-41.
[22.] Robert, N; Gouvello, R; Mauviot, J. C; Aguirre, P. and Kaushik, S.J. (1993). Use of extruded diets in intensive trout culture effect of protein to energy ratios on growth, nutrients utilization and on flesh and water quality. In : Kaushik, S. J. &Luquet, P. (Eds). Fish nutrition in practice. Biarritz (France). June 24-27, 1991. Les Colloques, No.61. INRA, Paris, 1993, pp487-550.
[23.] Russell, N. R. and Wootton, R. J. (1992). Appetite and growth compensation in the European minnow, Phoxinusphoxinus (Cyprinidae), following short periods of food restriction. Animal Production 53, pp 373-381.
[24.] Vergara, J.M. (1992). Studies on the utilization of dietary protein and energy by gilthead seabream (SparusaurataL.). Thesis University of Stirling. 164pp.
[25.] Weatherley , A.H. and Gill, H.S. (1982). Recovery growth following periods of restricted rations and starvation in rainbow trout,(SalmogairdneriR.). Journal of Fish Biology : 18, pp 195-208.
[26.] Williams, V.J. and Sheedy, J.W. (1987). The efficiency of growth during body weight recovery in young adult female rats. Comp. Biochem. Physicl. 87 A, pp 547-549.
[27.] Wilson, P.N. and Osbourne, D. F. (1960). Compensatory growth after undernutrition in mammals and birds. BIOL. Rev. Camb. Phil. Soc. 37, pp 324-363.
[28.] Zar, J.H. (1996). Biostatistical Analysis (3rd Edition). Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prentice-Hall.
