The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the Balance of Islamic Sharia: A Comparative Study

Abstract

This research paper aims to study the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and evaluate its articles in light of Islamic legislation. The problem of this research lies in explaining the points of conflict between the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Islamic Sharia, while clarifying the extent of compatibility between the Declaration and Islamic Sharia. This research centers on this comparison and also aims to highlight the characteristics and features that distinguish Islamic Sharia from others. The researcher adopted the descriptive and comparative approaches to achieve the objectives and goals leading to the most important results and recommendations. One of the key findings is that Islamic Sharia is superior, more sublime, more comprehensive, more complete, and more prudent than all human constitutions and charters, thus achieving justice for human rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights aligns with Islamic Sharia in many rights and freedoms, but some of its other clauses conflict and clash with it. This clash revealed the dilemmas of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, its obstacles in addressing contemporary problems, its lack of universality due to its Western formulation without considering religions, its omission of certain rights, its focus on the individual over the community, and its