The Architectural Style of Excavation Houses (Housh Al-Hafar) in the City of Gharyan and the City of Al-Asab'a as a Model

Abstract

 Cities have a history that is specifically the history of their locations, which is viewed as the history of civilization itself. The importance of studying the historical dimension comes from the influence of historical events on the emergence and growth of cities, in addition to the fact that the establishment of centers of stability and the emergence and prosperity of the city is dependent on the extent of the stability of the political and economic conditions. There is no doubt that studying the historical dimension is important in identifying the nature of the growth of the urban area, as it gives its character clarity. Historical documentation is of great importance in evaluating the architectural product, which has suffered from neglect and vandalism for many decades and has not been adequately highlighted by architectural, historical and documentary studies. Therefore, this study came to work on clarifying these monuments and their historical and touristic value and relied on the field study of them to determine their reality, their most important components, and the obstacles to them. Obstacles and difficulties, and I proposed a development plan in order to develop and develop the historical and touristic reality, as the study of the architectural style of the excavation houses reflects economic and social diversity, and is closely linked to the climate, which had a major role in their design. The study recommended using the development plan to develop heritage tourism, the importance of providing support for the domestic tourism sector, and working to raise awareness among citizens of the importance of these important historical monuments.